Fibre to Fabric - Class 6 Science - Chapter 3 - Notes, NCERT Solutions & Extra Questions
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Notes - Fibre to Fabric | Class 6 Lakhmir Singh | Science
Fibre to Fabric Class 6 Notes: Comprehensive Guide for Students
Understanding the journey from fibre to fabric is essential in comprehending how the clothes we wear are made. This article delves into the types of fibres, the processes involved in creating yarn, and the subsequent formation of fabric.
Understanding Fibre and Fabric
What is Fibre?Fibre is a very thin, thread-like strand from which cloth is made. In Hindi, it is referred to as 'tantu' or 'resha'.
What is Fabric?Fabric, also known as cloth, is produced by weaving or knitting long, twisted threads called yarn made from fibres. Various types of fabrics are used to make different clothing items such as shirts, trousers, sarees, curtains, and more.
Types of Fabrics
Fabrics can be broadly classified into:
Cotton Fabrics
Woollen Fabrics
Silk Fabrics
Synthetic Fabrics
What is Yarn and How is it Made?
Yarn is a 'spun thread' used for weaving or knitting fabrics.
Process of Making Yarn from Fibres:Spinning is the process where fibres from a mass of cotton or other materials are drawn out and twisted together, forming long twisted threads known as yarn.
Converting Yarn to Fabric
Once yarn is made, it can be converted into fabric through:
Weaving: Using looms to interlace two sets of yarn at right angles.
Knitting: Interlocking loops of yarn using needles or machines.
Types of Fibres
Fibres are categorised into:
Natural Fibres
Synthetic Fibres
Natural Fibres: Obtained from plants and animals, examples include cotton, wool, silk, flax, and jute. Synthetic Fibres: Made from chemical substances, examples include nylon, polyester, and polyacrylic.
Detailed Look at Natural Fibres
Cotton:
Source: Cotton plants.
Process: Cotton fibres are separated from seeds by a process called ginning.
Flax:
Fibres obtained from the stem of the flax plant are called flax or linen, used for making bed-sheets and other fabrics.
Jute:
Source: Jute plants.
Process: Stems of jute plants are immersed in water to separate fibres after they rot. Used for making ropes and gunny bags.
Making of Fabrics
1. Spinning: Process and Tools
Spinning converts fibres into yarn using:
Hand Spindle (Takli)
Spinning Wheel (Charkha)
Spinning Machines
2. Making Fabrics from Yarn
Weaving: Uses looms to arrange two sets of yarns at right angles to create fabric.
Knitting: Uses a single yarn to create fabric by interlocking loops. Commonly used for making sweaters, socks, and vests.
Historical Perspective
In ancient times, people used tree barks, leaves, animal skins, and furs as clothing. Gradually, they learned to weave vines and animal hair to make fabrics. They then started cultivating plants like cotton and flax near water sources to get fibres for fabric making. Initially, fabrics were draped around the body, and stitching methods developed later with the invention of sewing needles.
Uses of Different Fabrics
Everyday Uses: Clothes, bedsheets, bags, and more.
Special Uses: Carpets, ropes and other industrial applications.
Conclusion
The process from fibre to fabric is an intricate journey involving the extraction of fibres, spinning them into yarn, and converting them into fabric through weaving or knitting. Understanding this process reveals the effort and creativity behind the simple materials we use daily.
Illustration showing the process from fibre to fabric:
This comprehensive knowledge provides a solid foundation for students eager to understand and appreciate the detailed crafting of fabric.
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Ver Short Answers - Fibre to Fabric | Lakhmir Singh | Science | Class 6
Name the animal from which wool is most commonly obtained.
Wool is most commonly obtained from sheep.
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Name four materials which were used by the people in ancient times to cover themselves.
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Ask Chatterbot AIShort Questions - Fibre to Fabric | Lakhmir Singh | Science | Class 6
What are the two types of fibres? Give two examples of each type of fibres.
There are two types of fibres, which are:
-
Natural fibres: Examples include
- Cotton, from cotton plants
- Wool, mainly from sheep
-
Synthetic fibres: Examples include
- Nylon
- Polyester
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With which fibre is the term 'ginning' associated ? Name four animals (other than sheep) from which wool is obtained.
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Ask Chatterbot AILong Questions - Fibre to Fabric | Lakhmir Singh | Science | Class 6
How will you distinguish between cotton, wool, silk and synthetic fabrics ?
To distinguish between cotton, wool, silk, and synthetic fabrics, you can perform a burning test. Here is how each type of fabric typically reacts when exposed to a flame:
Cotton Fabric:
Burns rapidly with a smell similar to burning paper.
Does not melt nor form beads while burning.
Woolen Fabric:
Burns slower than cotton and emits a burning hair smell.
Does not melt nor form beads while burning.
Silk Fabric:
Burns and smells like charred meat.
Silk also does not melt nor form beads on burning.
Synthetic Fabric:
Burns slowly, producing a smell similar to burning plastic.
Synthetic fabric melts and can form small beads while burning.
By observing these reactions, you can identify the type of fabric you're testing.
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Ask Chatterbot AIMCQ - Fibre to Fabric | Lakhmir Singh | Science | Class 6
Which one of the following is not a natural fibre ?
(a) cotton
(b) nylon
(c) flax
(d) wool
(b) nylon
Nylon is not a natural fibre; instead, it is a type of synthetic fibre that is made from chemical substances.
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Which one of the following fibres is obtained from animals ?
(a) flax
(b) silk
(c) jute
(d) polyester
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Ask Chatterbot AIHOTS - Fibre to Fabric | Lakhmir Singh | Science | Class 6
$\mathrm{X}$ and $\mathrm{Y}$ are the two natural fibres. Both these fibres are obtained from the stems of their respective plants. The fibre $\mathrm{X}$ is a rough but strong fibre which is used for making ropes and gunny bags. On the other hand, fibre $\mathrm{Y}$ is comparatively much smooth fibre which is used to make linen cloth. Name the fibres $\mathrm{X}$ and $\mathrm{Y}$.
The fibre $\mathrm{X}$, described as rough but strong and used for making ropes and gunny bags, is jute.
The fibre $\mathrm{Y}$, known for being smooth and used to make linen cloth, is flax.
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